Inducible Phospholipase A2 and Cyclooxygenase

Phospholipase A2 metabolites regulate inducible nitric oxide synthase in myocytes.

The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL) stimulates inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA, protein, and nitric oxide (NO) production in neonatal ventricular myocytes (NVM). In other types of cells, IL also activates phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which liberates arachidonic acid for the pathways involved in eicosanoid production, and induces the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) isoform, whic...

Functional coupling and differential regulation of the phospholipase A2-cyclooxygenase pathways in inflammation.

Prostaglandins generated by the phospholipase A2 (PLA2)/cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway are well known to mediate diverse intracellular and extracellular effects that regulate mammalian development, vascular function, renal physiology, parturition, and immune responses to infection or wounding. In immune-mediated diseases and in certain cancers, this pathway is aberrantly up-regulated and excessiv...

Inhibition of teleocidin-caused epidermal ornithine decarboxylase induction by phospholipase A2-, cyclooxygenase- and lipoxygenase-inhibitors.

Teleocidin (5 micrograms/mouse), a potent tumor promoting indole alkaloid from Streptomyces, induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in CD-1 mice. Teleocidin-caused ODC induction was inhibited by the treatment of indomethacin (2 mumol/mouse), a selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and p-bromophenacyl bromide (BPB) (30 mumol/mouse), a phospholipase A2 inhibitor. Teleocidin-caused ODC indu...

Lysosomal phospholipase A2 and phospholipidosis.

A lysosomal phospholipase A2, LPLA2, was recently characterized and shown to have substrate specificity for phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. LPLA2 is ubiquitously expressed but is most highly expressed in alveolar macrophages. Double conditional gene targeting was employed to elucidate the function of LPLA2. LPLA2-deficient mice (Lpla2-/-) were generated by the systemic deletio...

Lipocortins and phospholipase A2 regulation.